Das Gupta, Arindam and Dilip Mookherjee. 1996. "Tax Amnesties as Asset-Laundering Devices." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 12, 2 (October).

This article analyzes how tax amnesties increase government revenues and diminish the overall size of a country's informal sector earnings.

Davis, Ian, Chrissie Hirst and Bernardo Mariani. 2001. "Organised crime, corruption and illicit arms trafficking in an enlarged EU. Challenges and perspectives"

This research paper examines the threat posed by transnational organised crime to governance and security in Europe and the links between organised crime, corruption and illicit arms trafficking. Responses relevant to the problems of illicit arms trafficking and organised crime range from conflict prevention and economic development to community policing and education. However, the focus of this paper is on the law enforcement response, and the challenges that European Union (EU) enlargement will bring. <

Defensor-Santiago, Miriam. 1989. "Corruption Prevention Strategies in Developing Countries." The Fourth International Anti-Corruption Conference Report, 8-12.

Keynote address by the Secretary of Agrarian Reform of the Republic of the Philippines on the problems governments face to reduce corruption.

Deleon, Peter. Political Corruption in Contemporary American Politics. Paper presented at Seventh IACC, Beijing, China, October 1995, p. 9.

De Speville, Bertrand. 1997. "Combatting Corruption: Hong Kong's Battle and the ICAC." Paper prepared for the Latvia Workshop on Anti-Corruption, Riga, 12-13 February.

___ . Strategic Control of Corruption: A Quiet Revolution Over Two Decades, paper presented at Seventh IACC, Beijing, China, October 1995, pp. 2, 6, 12.

___ . 1997. Hong Kong: Policy Initiatives Against Corruption. Paris: OECD Development Centre.

This paper provides a detailed analysis of the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) in Hong Kong. It begins with a discussion of the history behind the ICAC, its statutes, and effectiveness. Most importantly, the paper acknowledges the centrality of Hong Kong's multifaceted approach to combatting corruption: enforcement, education, prevention.

___ . 1996. "The Experience of Hong Kong in Combating Corruption." In Uganda International Conference on Good Governance in Africa: Empowering Civil Society in the Fight Against Corruption, 159-166. Edited by Petter Langseth and Fiona Simpkins. Washington: The World Bank.

The paper gives a description of the Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption.

Doig, Alan. 1995. "Good Government and Sustainable Anti-Corruption Strategies: A Role for Independent Anti-Corruption Agencies?" Public Administration and Development 15 (May): 151-165.

The essay presents a discussion of government, good governance, and anti-corruption agencies drawn largely from a 1993 British Council report. Drawing largely on political science literature from the 1970s, the author advocates the expansion of anti-corruption agencies based on the Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption.

Дайнов, Евгений. 1998. Има нужда от антикорупционна политика. В: "Капитал", 31 октомври - 6 ноември.

The author claims that it is wrong to believe that corruption is a problem of developing states, which would be solved automatically by applying mechanisms and institutions leading to the transformation of those countries into developed ones. Instead of becoming developed, developing states quite often turn into laggards. This is largely due to the existence of large scale corruption. Economic liberalization and the retreat of the state from redistribution of resources are not sufficient to eliminate corruption. What is needed is a consistent state policy directed at introducing rules of behavior that limit corrupt practices. The author believes that those claiming that corruption cannot be measured are wrong. The willingness of citizens to take part in corrupt practices is a measure for the corruptibility of the environment.

Дайнов, Евгений. 1998. Правим държавата наново. В: "24 часа", 25 февруари.

Although Bulgarians demand changes, they still continue to consider that corruption is a part of the process of governing. The progress registered lately is that tolerance towards corruption is reducing. The remedy for the problems of corruption is to minimize the chances for asking bribes, i.e., reducing state officials' control over resources. The fight against corruption is a long-term, multi-faceted effort, which requires radical withdrawal of the state from the economy, reform of the administrative system, education of public officials about their due habits, perceptions and practices, public education that would enhance the possibilities of citizens to exercise control over institutions.

Дайнов, Евгений. 1998. Тихата поквара ще взриви властта. В: "24 часа", 6 май.

The contemporary forms of corruption were generated by the BSP in the beginning of the 1990s when the former communists, through proxies, exercised the real power in the economic sector. When the second UDF government came into power, attempts have been made to remove the corrupt economic and political elite but it has been quick to change its color. In many locations, municipal authorities have spoiled the image of the ruling majority and this could have a negative effect on the results in the forthcoming local elections.

Диаз, Херман Кореа. Децентрализацията в България: обща оценка и препоръки, София, ПРООН, 1998: 104 стр.

Several important trends have affected the modern state: (i) globalization of the world economy, liberalization of national economies and regionalization of national development; (ii) crisis of the social state and transformation of the role played by the state; (iii) crisis in the relationship between the state and civil society or crisis in the system for political representation; (iv) increased complexity and "subjectivity" in individuals' needs. As a result of that, especially in developing countries, a form and a role of the state exist, which are no longer viable while the forms of policy making and of ruling are no longer practicable and effective. That requires transformation of the state - through modernization and reform - and opening of the public sector towards civic society. The author of this report believes that the latter can be achieved through decentralization, through planning which involves citizens both at local and at regional level, through institutionalized mechanisms of public control over local and regional authorities as well as through various mechanisms of direct democracy.

Димитрова, Анелия, Корупцията заплашва самата същност на държавата. В: "Демокрация", 06.07.1998 г.

One third of Bulgarians believe that paying bribes and tips is "bad for the state but unavoidable", the statistics shows. According to the author of this story such attitude represents a legacy from the totalitarian state. Corruption is present most of all in the countries in transition, which in the past were dominated by totalitarian communist regimes. But corruption is also an international event. This has been the reason for the Council of Europe to develop a draft of a punitive convention against corruption. The Bulgarian government is also working on a national strategy to fight organized crime and corruption.

Димитрова, Зоя, Жестоки критерии по проекта "Октопод" налага Европа на правителството, В: "168 часа", 24-30.07.1998 г.

In April 1996 the Council of Europe and the European Commission agreed to implement a common project, called Octopus, to fight corruption and organized crime in the countries from Central and Eastern Europe. Sixteen countries have been involved in the project, including Bulgaria. In order to respond to the requirements of Europe, the Bulgarian government should assess the scope of corruption and organized crime in the country. It is necessary to create public awareness about the threats from corruption and to work for the establishment of a society guided by the rule of law and intolerant to corruption. Regulations should be adopted providing for maximum transparency of financial systems and for an increase in market competition. An efficient punitive policy should be implemented with regard to the activity of criminal syndicates, such as those engaged in drug trafficking and money laundering. Stricter administrative control, modern investigation service and efficient and competent national services for combating organized crime and corruption are also necessary.